西方有关中国研究的史料选编介绍

-Manuscript Records of Traders, Travellers, Missionaries & Diplomats, 1792-1942

Part 1: Sources from the William R Perkins Library, Duke University

This project offers the diaries, journals, letters, photographs and scrapbooks of a host of businessmen, tourists, scholars, missionaries, doctors, journalists and diplomats from the first British mission to China in 1792-1794 through to the mid 20th century. All are in English and they are an ideal group of sources for student project work.

Part 1 covers six individual collections of papers from Duke University. These are:

Correspondence, 1844-1855, of John Backhouse, successively chief clerk at Britain’s new consulate in Canton, 1844-1855, and Vice Consul in Amoy.
Diaries and Letters of J J Bandinel and family, 1763-1940, including descriptions of the Sino-Japanese War, 1894-95, the Boxer Rebellion, 1900, and the Russo-Japanese War, 1904.
Papers of Sir John Bowring, British Consul and diplomat in China, 1850-57.
Dispatches of Sir Frederick Bruce, British Colonial Secretary in Hong Kong, 1844-64, and principal secretary of Lord Elgin’s mission to China, 1857-58.
Scrapbook of Arthur Danyell, Britsih soldier in Peking, 1860.
Correspondence, 1837-1945, of the Fairbank family. these are the letters of a remarkable American missionary family active in China and India.

Part 2: Sources from the William R Perkins Library, Duke University

Part 2 covers seventeen individual collections of papers from Duke University.

Pride of place must go to the letters and diaries, 1743-1885, of Sir George Leonard Staunton and his son, George Thomas Staunton. Sir George was Secretary of the 1st British Mission to China (the 1792-94 Macartney Embassy) and his 11 year old son was the only Briton of 700 who set sail who could read and write Chinese. George Thomas Staunton was subsequently Chief of the East India Company Factory at Canton and a member of the Amherst Mission to China. The diaries are full of drawings and observations.
Papers of American visitors to China include those of Martha Crawford, a missionary in Shanghai; Edward Hartshorn, an American customs official; Thomas Nicholson, a physician; Capt Parker Tenney, a zoologist and spy; and Lyman Spalding, US Naval Officer.
There are also papers, 1779-98 of George Macartney, British diplomat; and of Richard Gregory, businessman with British-American Tobacco, covering the period 1905-1910.

Part 3: The Papers of J A Thomas, c.1905-1923, from the William R Perkins Library, Duke University

Part 3 of is devoted to the Papers of James Augustus Thomas (1862-1940), tobacco entrepreneur, philanthropist and Sinologist. Thomas was a director of several leading tobacco firms, and between 1888 and 1922 he pioneered the introduction of American cigarettes into Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, India, Japan, China and other Asian countries. Thomas spent a significant part of his life in China. Initially his interest in China was mainly commercial. However, he soon became involved in a number of projects:

He organised the Chinese-American Bank of Commerce.
He was involved in the partnership between Standard Oil and the Chinese government.
He founded two schools for Chinese students.
He played an active role in the Chinese Red Cross.
He helped run China Child Welfare Inc and China Famine Relief USA Inc.
He was Director of the China Society of America; and an Executive Committee Member of the American Asiatic Society.

Part 4: Manuscript Diaries and Papers from the China Records Project at Yale Divinity Library

Parts 4 & 5 are drawn from the China Record Project archives at Yale Divinity School Library. These cover many aspects of life in China, 1871-1951: historical, political, cultural and religious.

Part 4 covers over fifty individual collections.

It is particularly strong in describing the relative successes of differing denominations undertaking missionary work in China.
It also shows the spread of Western medicine through missionary endeavour.
There are a number of excellent sources on the Rape of Nanking (1937).
There are also compelling accounts of life in China under Japanese rule.
And there is much on China under Chiang Kai-Shek and the relentless march of communism that drove most missionaries out of China between 1949 and the mid-fifties.

Part 5: Manuscript Diaries and Papers from the China Records Project at Yale Divinity Library

Parts 4 & 5 are drawn from the China Records
Project archives at Yale Divinity School Library. These cover many aspects of life in China, 1871-1951: historical, political, cultural and religious.

Part 5 covers five substantial collections. These are:

Robert Bartlett’s unpublished manuscripts of Chinese Revolutionaries, and Jimmy Yen – Humanitarian of the Century, written c1985.
The letters, diaries and writings of Willard and Ellen Beard, who served the YMCA in Fukien province, 1905-1910.
The 17 volume diary of Arthur Judson Brown (1856-1963) who surveyed Presbyterian missions in Asia following the Boxer Rebellion, 1901-02 & 1909, in his capacity as General Secretary of the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions. We also include his correspondence regarding missions, 1906-28.
The remarkable Campbell family archive, documenting two generations of missionaries in China from 1880 to 1951. This material is especially strong for South China.
The records of Elsie Clark Krug, a faculty member at Hwa Nan College, Foochow, 1912-1918.

Part 6: Correspondence and Papers of Sir Ernest Satow (1843-1929) relating to China from Public Record Office Class PRO 30/33

Part 6 is devoted to the papers of Sir Ernest Satow following his transfer to Beijing (Peking) in October 1900 – in the immediate aftermath of the Boxer Rebellion – where he replaced Sir Claude Maxwell Macdonald as Britain’s Minister.

His background in understanding Eastern cultural, political, financial and commercial activities placed him as an ideal candidate to undertake diplomatic relations with China.
His main task was to preserve good relations between the foreign powers, extract restitution from the Chinese government and maintain the peace.

The papers and correspondence (he had contacts all over China) are a crucial source for understanding Britain’s opinion and attitude towards China in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Records relating to his earlier service in Japan are published in our companion project Japan Through Western Eyes, Part 6.

Part 7: The Diaries of G E Morrison (1862-1920), Peking correspondent of The Times from 1897, and political advisor to the President of China, 1912-1920, from the Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales

Part 7 covers the extensive diaries of George Ernest Morrison (1862-1920). This is the first time that they have been made widely available.

He first left Australia for Hong Kong in 1893, and the next year travelled from Shanghai to Rangoon, which he recorded in An Australian in China (1895).
A meeting with the editor of The Times led to his appointment as a secret correspondent in Siam. In 1897 he became resident correspondent in Peking.
He travelled widely through China in the next fifteen years, visiting every province. The diaries contain detailed accounts of his travels, meetings and experiences in China during the last years of the rule of the Ching dynasty.
Morrison was present in Peking during the Boxer Uprising and we include the articles as published in The Times from January to August 1900.
He supported the Japanese during the Russo-Japanese War, and reported their entry into Port Arthur in 1905. He attended the Portsmouth conference.
In 1912 and became political adviser to Yuan Shih-K’ai, President of the recently declared Chinese Republic. Morrison documents the politics of the Presidential court, the elimination of German possessions at the start of World War One and increasing pressure from Japan.

These diaries are important not just because they offer an unusual insight into Chinese politics and life in the first two decades of the twentieth century. They offer information on the nature of Britain’s imperial reach at the periphery of formal power. This includes information on negotiations with local political leaders, on the use and abuse of economic and fiscal power, and the perception of gender and race. They illustrate the rising importance of journalists and the improvements in communications, both of information and of transport.

Part 8: Diaries, Notebooks and Writings of Rewi Alley (1897-1987) from the Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand

This project offers the diaries, journals, letters, photographs and scrapbooks of a host of businessmen, tourists, scholars, missionaries, doctors, journalists and diplomats from the first British mission to China in 1792-1794 through to the 20th century. All are in English and they are ideal sources for student project work.

Part 8 covers the diaries, travel notes and letters of Rewi Alley, a New Zealand writer and social worker who went to China in 1927 and stayed there throughout the Revolution, the Long March, the periods of Agricultural Reform and the Cultural Revolution. All are documented in this collection.

During the 1930s he made important friendships with Mao Zedong and other Communist leaders, travelling frequently and often living rough.
After 1949 Alley was one of the few foreigners allowed to stay on and work in CCP China, devoting himself to international peace work.
He promoted China’s foreign policy and criticised American military intervention in Korea and Vietnam.
He helped set up the Chinese Industrial Co-operative Movement, a nationwide organization which utilised refugee labour in the Sino-Japanese War, which Rewi led under the ‘Gung Ho’ motto.
He championed the cause of Chinese youth, stressing the importance of education, training and technical schools.

“Rewi contributed in an original way to the development of New China. The Chinese Industrial Co-operatives, which he initiated and organised, provided
the blue-print for the communes which now exist under the People’s Government. For many, however, Rewi Alley’s greatest contribution has been his literary achievements. His poems are very personal, close and deeply felt… His documentary and diary accounts are all first hand… these writings are generally good. ”
National Committee for the Commemoration of Rewi Alley’s 75th Birthday, 1972

西方有关中国研究的史料选编介绍

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